Safety-razor.



R. T. WINN.

SAFETY RAZOR.

APPLIOATIN FILED MAY 14, 1910.

985,089. Patentgq Feb.21, 1911.

nniTD STATES PATENT ernten.

RICHARD T. WINN, F CLIFTONDALE, MASSACHUSTTS, ASSIGNOR TO vLESLIE MANU- FACTURING- COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION 0F MAINE.

SAFETY-Razon.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 14, 1910. Serial No.

' Patented Feb. 21, 1911. 561,275.

i ltlassachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Safety-Razors, of which the followl ing description, in connection with the aceonipanying drawing, is a specification, like characters on the drawing represent-ing like parts.

' 'This invention relates to a safety-razor of the type wherein a removable blade is clamped in operative position in a suitable ,supporting head carried by a handle, and

my present inventionhas tor its object the production ot novel, simple, and eeetive means for locking the blade-clamping instrumentality, and for unlocking it when the bladois to be removed from or applied to,

the head, so constructed and arranged that the parts can be produced inexpensively and readily and quickly assembled. i

In some ot its general features my present invention is similar to the safety-razor forming the subject-matter of United States Patent to Leslie No. 908,42'0 dated January a, i909.

Herein I provide the blade-supporting head with a rigidly attached spindle threaded at its outer end, and upon this spindle I mount the locking` means for the bladoelamp and the controlling 'device therefor, said controlling device, being made in the form ot' a nutscrewed onto the threaded end ot' the spindle.

By the use o'l a novel combined couplinjg` and friction device I provide for movement of the locking` means on the spindle, both lo-noitudiinilly and rotatably, through a manually ettected rotation of the controlling' nut, the latter and the locking means being positively connected by the coupling to move longitudinally in unison.

lhc coupling` and trictiondevice is simple vet thoroughly effective; it can be manufactured at a very low cost, and the assembling of the parts is Aaccomplished with ease and rapidity by the use of such device.

The novel features of my invention -Will be fully described in the subjoined speciication and particularly pointed out in the f0llowing claims.

Figure 1 is a. perspective View of a safety- Arazor embodying one form of'my invention,

with a blade clamped in operative position; 4`ig. .2 is an enlarged longitudinal section on the line 2 2, Fig. 1, but with the spindle in elevation; Fig. 3 is a detail partly in elevation of the controlling nut illustrated in Fig. 2; Figi'. 4 is an end view of the locking member or sleeve, showing the lateral locking' projection and the segmental recess in the end of the locking member, the spindle being` shown in section; F ig. 5 is an edge view oi the combined coupling and friction' device, detached; Fig. 6 isa longitudinal sectional detail of a modified form of construction otthe controlling nut and the adjacent end of the locking member coupled thereto.

In connection 'with my present invention I use a flat and relatively thin but rigid steel blade 1 of any suitable character, and I have provided a blade-supporting or sustaining head shown in Fig. 2 as comprising tivo plates 2, 3 pern'ianently connected in any suitablev manner, and the flat inner face of the plate 2 forms a blade seat 4, the back of the blade resting' against the abutn'ient or shoulder formed' at 5 by the plate 3. An elongated spindle V6 is fixedly attached to the head, and is screw-threaded atits outer end, at 7, for a purpose -tobe referred to. A blade-clamp and guard is provided by the plate 8, pivotally connected at 9 with the head to swing toward and from the bladescat 4, the rounded edge 10 of said plate projecting beyond the edge of the blade to form a guard. y

When in its operative position, Figs. l and 2, theclamping member 8 presses upon and firmly clamps the blade upon its seat. Upon the spindle I mount an elongated lockinn' member, made as a sleeve 11 and having its exterior suitably shaped to provide for a firm grasp of the fingers of thev user, the, `sald member liavmg its outer end-counterbored, see Fig. 2,7to form a tubular socket 12,' While the inner solid end 13 of the said locking member 1s mounted to move longitudinally and also rotatably upon 'the spindle;

As will be seen' from Fig. 2 alarge part of the length of the sleeve is hollow, reducing the Weight thereof, the solid portion 13 being of ample length yto prov-ide, a iirm bearing upon the spindle 6..

' l'As shownin-Fig. 2 I provide uninternal annular groove 14 in the socket 12, for a purpose to be (.lesrr'ibed.y the side walls of the groovevbeing parallel to each other and in.

tween the collar and the spindle, into which seat enters the hub orJ boss 19 on the bladesustaining head. lVhen the collar is fixed upon the sleeve the slot 1-7 in effect forms a deepened portion of theseat 18, into which enters a stop-pin 20 fixed in the spindle 6, so that rotation of the sleeve thereon is permitted through anfangle of somewhat less than 90 degrees. The operations necessary to effect/this construction ao simple and inexpensive, and such as for the most part can be performed with great rapidity on screw-machines or similar apparatus.

While the pin and slot coperate the locking sleeve 11 can be turnedfrom locking poi i drical extension .24- 'adapted to sition, Figs.y l'and 2, about a quarter 'of a revolution to unlocking position, the collar 18 having a lateral projection 2 1.to coperate with the blade-,clamp 8 and hold itl pressed against the blade. This projection is rounded or convexed ,externally to engage readily and eiectively with the blade-clamp, as shown'in Fig. 2, when the latter is locked in its operative position, Rotation of the sleeve in the direction of the arrow 22, Figs. 1 and 4, swings' the projection 21"`out,` of engagement wit-tithe bladeclamp, so thatv the latter releases the blade and permits it to be lifted out, land in practice when inserting or removing the blade the user of the device will turn it so that the blade-clamp andzadjacent portion of the head will be upturned.

The locking member or sleeve 11 forme` thev handle of the apparatus, and its move- 'ment to lockv or unlock the blade-clamp is effected by a controlling nut 28, Figs. 1, 2 and 3, internally threaded to screw onto 'the threaded end7 of the spindle, and invFigs.

2 and 3 I have shown the inner end of the nut reduced in diameter `to form a .cylinenter smoothly and rotatably into thesocket 12. Said extension has an annular groove 25 formed in'vl it, see Fig; 3, with parallel side walls at right angles tothe longitudinal axis of the nut, said groove 25 being so located that when the extension is properly inserted in the socket 12 the grooves 14 and 25 will be directly opposite each other,J as

shown in Fig. 2. In the annular recess so provided I seat acombined' couplin and friction device, shown separately. 1n ig. 5,

and consisting of a split-ring 26 madeI of spring steel and having its ends laterally olfset from the plane of the main portion ofthe ring, as shown. The rin isflaterally as" well asradially expansible w ien in place, by

`virtue of this constructionL` It' isfirst snapped into the groove 25 in the nut extension, and by a suitable tool it is compressed and its ends brought together within the groove to permit the grooved end of the eX- tension 24 to be pushed into the socket 1,2. When the two grooves'arebrought into register the ringat once expands to partly occupy both grooves, thus positively coupling together the nut and the locking member 1,1, while the ends of the ring tend tospread 'or separate laterally and bear frictionally y against the sides of the grooves.-

In practice the posi as a coupling is so great that it is impossible to pull the nut away from the sleeveun'- less one part be held in a vise, and the other part can then only'besepara'tcd by the ex,- ercise of greatpower. The nut and sleeve are thus coupled toffether to move longitudinally onthe spindle as -a nuit, so that if the nut is screwed in or out on ,the threaded portion 7 of the spindle the locking mem ber 11 and the locking projection 21 will ybe moved toward yor away from the bladeclamp'S.

-The frictional enga 14, 25, wil cause the locking sleeve to rotate in unison with the nu-t until the sleeve is positively stopped'l from such rotation, as will be apparent. l

Supposing the blade is to be removed the operator rotates nut 23 in the' direction ofl arrow'22, Fig'll, and by the coupling and friction device the sleeve is' moved outward a slight distance upon the spindle, away from the blade-sustaining head, relieving the pressure between the projection 21' an the blade-clamp 8 and thereupon the frietiveacti n of the'ring ement ofthe rngi26 I with the o vpositesides of the two grooves4 lio tional action of the coupling device causes the sleeve to turn in` unison with the nut t0 swing the projection 21 into inoperativeor unlocking position. The blade-clamp is now free to swing awayA from the blade, and further rotation o the sleeve is stopped by engagement of the stop-pin 20 with oneend of-the segmental slot 17, a continued. rotation ofthe nut only acting to move the sleeve outward along the spindle 6'. n

. To lock a blade the operation is reversed, for after the blade-clamp is` turned u against the seated blade the' nut 23 is rotat loppositely to arrow22 to'4 bring the' pro jection 21 into operative position, continued rtationof said nut forcing the sleeve'll klongitudinally along the spindle toward the head, pressing the projection 21' securely against the b ade-clam and locking it in position. ,This manipu ation of the locking means is easily and quickly performed, and but a. very slight rotative .vement of the controlling nut is necessary to lock or unlock the blade-clamp.

By increasing or decreasing the initial lateral separation of the ends of the coupling ring- 26 the frictional action bet-Ween the nut and the locking member is increased or diminished, for the greater the separation of the ends of the ring the more forcibly will the confined ring bear upon the sides of the opposed grooves in the socketed end of the locking member and the extension of the nut.

In Fig. 6 I have shown a'modication Which is simply a reversal of the telescopic arrangement shown in Eig. 2 between theI Sleeve and the nut, for in Fig. 6 I form the socket 27 in the extension 28 of the nut 29, and extend the smooth end 30 ott the sleeve or locking member into the socket, the end 30 having an annular groove 31 which registers with .a similar groove 32 in the socket 27, the combined coupling and friction device 2G being seated in said grooves, as before described. Manifestly, lsaid device 26 will act precisely as it does in the structure shown in Fig. 2, and in both forms the nut and sleeve are so arranged that a part of one enters a socket formed in the other, the coupling and friction device being held between and acting upon the concentric portions of the sleeve and nut.

Changes or modifications in details of construct-ion and arrangement may be made by those skilled in the art Without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as set forth in the claims annexed hereto.

Having fully described my invention what .l claim asnew and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: y

l. In a safety-razor, a blade-sustaining vhead having a rigidly attached spindle screw-threaded -at its outer end, a bladeclamp pivoted on said head, to engage a re' movable blade and clamp it upon the liead, a locking' member movably mounted on' 4the spindle to coperate with and hold theclamp against the blade, said member having a tubular socket in its outer end, a controlling` nut longitudinally movable With said member-,and having a shank rotatably seated in the ytubular socket thereof'and screwed onto the spindle to move the locking member to` Wardand away from the blade-clamp, and an annularvfriction device and coupling interposed between and ccncentricwith the shank of the nut and the socketed end of the locking member, to effect by frictional engagement rotative movement of the latter into 'and out of locking position when theA nut is turned on the spindle.

'2. in a safety-razor, a head provided with a seat for a removable blade and having a rigidly attached spindle threaded at its outer end. means to clamp 'the blade upon the seat,

cling the shank and seated in the opposed grooves and havingl its ends sprung apart laterally, to couplel the nut and sleeve together and also serve as a frictionconnection between them to effect rotation of the sleeve when the nut is turned on the spindle.

3. In asafety-razor, a head provided with a seat for a removable bladev and having a rigidly attached spindle threaded atits outer end, means to clamp the blade upon the seat, a locking` member tor said means, longitudinally and rotatably movable on the spindle and provided with a socket at its outer end. a controlling nut screwed onto the spindle and provided with an extension revolublc in the socket of said. locking member, and an annular.. spring friction device coiiperating with said nutand locking member within the socket ol the latter to positively connect said parts and frictionally engage the same to eftect' rotative movement of the locking member by rotation of the nut.

4t. l'n a safety-razor, a head provided with a seat for a removable blade and having a rigidly attached spindle threaded at its outer end, means to clamp the blade upon the seat. a locking member for said means. longitudinally and rotatably movable on the spindle. a controllinp` nut screwed ,nto the spindle and extended into the outer end ot the locking member and revoluble therein, opposed annular grooves in the latter and the part, of the nut extended thereinto. respectively. and a radially and laterally cxpansible'ring" 'seated in said. grooves to connect said parts and effect rotative movement ol the locking member by rotation o't the nut on the spindle.

ln a satcty-razor, a head provided with a seat for a removable blade and having a rigidly attached spindle threaded at. 'its outer end, a controlling nut screwed thereon, means to clamp the blade upon the seat, a locking member for said means, longitudinally and rotatably movable on the spindle.y an annular, spring friction device and coupling cooperating with the locking member and the nut and concentric therewith, one of said parts. loosely embracing and revolving upon the adjacent end of the other, and opposed annular grooves in such concentric portions of the locking member and nut, said friction device and coupling being seated in both the' grooves to couple together the locking member and nut and fricti'onally engaging the sides of the grooves to eiiect rotative movement. of the former by rotation of the latter on the spindle.

. 6. In a safety-razor, a head provided wit-h a seat fora removable blade and having a rigidly attached spindle threaded at its outer end, a controlling nut screwed thereon, means' to clamp the blade upon the seat, a lockingv member for said means, longitudinally and rotatably vmovable on 'the spindle, the nut being located adjacent the outer end of the locking member, one of said parts having a tubular socket and the other part extending revolubly thcreint-o, opposed annular grooves'` in the concentric portions of said part-s, and

a radially expansible split ring seated in` the opposed grooves to couple the locking member and nut, the ends of the split-ring being laterally expansible to bear against the sides of the grooves and by frictional en-. ga gement therewith effect rotative movement of the locking member by rotation of thel nut on the spindle.

7. In a safety-razor, a head provided with a blade-seat and having a rigidly attached spindle threaded at its outer end, a clamping-plate `movable, toward and from the y blade-seat, and means on the spindle to lock ajo thev clampingplate in` operative position, said means including a locking` sleeve longi- -tudinally movable onthe spindle and provided With a socket at its outer end, a device to permit limited rotative movement of the sleeve, a `controlling Ynut screwed onto the -spindle andhaving a cylindrical extenspindle.

' a blade-seat and having a rigidly attached 8. In a safety-razor, a head provided with l spindle threaded at its outer en d, saidlhad having a circular boss concentric with the spindle, a blade-clamp ivotedon the head, a locking sleeve longitu inally and rotatably movable on the spindle and reduced in diam,-

eter at its inner end and provided with a segmental slot, a collar'ixedly mounted on such reduced portion and extending beyond the same, lto inclose the slot and also form an annular seat for the boss on the head, said collar having a lateral projection to coperate with and lock the blade-clamp in operative position, a stop-pin on the spindle, ex-

tended into the segmental slot, a controlling nut on the threaded end ofthe spindle, and a connection between said nut and locking ymember to move the latter longitudinally in unison therewith along the spindle and eii'ect limited rotation' of -said member to lock and unlock the blade-clamp.

9.In a 'safety-razor, a blade-sustaining head having a rigidly attached spindle an a a circular boss concentric therewith, a bladeclamp pivoted on the head, a locking inein- 'ber rotatable and longitudinally movable on the spindle and reduced in diameter at its inner end, said reduced portion having a segmental slot therein, a vcollar fixed .on such reduced portion and projecting beyond'it to form an annular seat for the reception o'f the boss, a laterally extended locking projection on the collar to coperate with the blade-clamp and hold it in operative position, a stop-pinon. the spindle to enter the segmental slot and limit rotative movement of the lockin member on the spindle, and a controlling ev'ice longitudinally movable with and rotatable relatively to the locking member, operatively connected with the spindle.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my naine to this specification, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

RICHARD T. Winn.y

Witnesses:

JOHN C. EDWARDS, FREDERICK S. GnEnNLnAr. 

